Category: Resurrection

Acts 23:12-35 — Kill Paul!

~ mikethemissionary

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

When we left off in our last post, Jesus told Paul to be of good cheer, because he must bear witness in Rome, just as he had testified in Jerusalem. Paul is a prisoner now. The rest of Acts will follow Paul’s case as it moves through the Roman justice system. In the section before us, the Jews will not be content to leave the matter to the Romans. They will seek to kill him. This is nothing new, of course. Paul is probably used to it by now. (Acts 9:22-25, 29; 14;19f, 20:3)

To recap, Paul was arrested when he made his address to the Jews from the stairs leading to the Antonia Fortress. (Acts 21:35, 40) There is debate over where the Praetorium was (Mark 15:16), but tradition says (and many Protestants believe) that the stairs from which Paul made his speech were the same stairs that Jesus stood on at his trial. These same steps were purportedly taken to Rome in the 4th Century by Helena, the mother of Constantine:


The Scala Sancta in Rome

Rome is notorious for fake artifacts, but the Scala Sancta may be genuine. If so, it should probably be broken to pieces the same way Hezekiah broke down the brazen serpent that Moses made. (II Kings 18:4)

Father, fill us with your Holy Spirit and give us understanding as we read thy word, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 23:12-35
12 And when it was day, certain of the Jews banded together, and bound themselves under a curse, saying that they would neither eat nor drink till they had killed Paul.
13 And they were more than forty which had made this conspiracy.

Conspiracy is a Bible word. If you don’t believe in conspiracy theories, you don’t believe the Bible.

14 And they came to the chief priests and elders, and said, We have bound ourselves under a great curse, that we will eat nothing until we have slain Paul.

They would have done well to have listened to Yeshua, who said, But let your communication be, Yea, yea; Nay, nay: for whatsoever is more than these cometh of evil. (Matt 5:37; cf Jam 5:12)

15 Now therefore ye with the council signify to the chief captain that he bring him down unto you to morrow, as though ye would enquire something more perfectly concerning him: and we, or ever he come near, are ready to kill him.

Now the Sanhedrin is in on the conspiracy. But they forgot the cardinal rule of espionage: absolute secrecy. Paul’s nephew was nearby, and unbeknownst to the conspirators, he heard them discussing their plot.

16 And when Paul’s sister’s son heard of their lying in wait, he went and entered into the castle [Antonia Fortress], and told Paul.
17 Then Paul called one of the centurions unto him, and said, Bring this young man unto the chief captain: for he hath a certain thing to tell him.

I think this centurion must have been a Christian. Paul gives him an order, and he follows it without question.

18 So he took him, and brought him to the chief captain, and said, Paul the prisoner called me unto him, and prayed me to bring this young man unto thee, who hath something to say unto thee.
19 Then the chief captain took him by the hand, and went with him aside privately, and asked him, What is that thou hast to tell me?
20 And he said, The Jews have agreed to desire thee that thou wouldest bring down Paul to morrow into the council, as though they would enquire somewhat of him more perfectly.
21 But do not thou yield unto them: for there lie in wait for him of them more than forty men, which have bound themselves with an oath, that they will neither eat nor drink till they have killed him: and now are they ready, looking for a promise from thee.
22 So the chief captain then let the young man depart, and charged him, See thou tell no man that thou hast shewed these things to me.
23 And he called unto him two centurions, saying, Make ready two hundred soldiers to go to Cæsarea, and horsemen threescore and ten, and spearmen two hundred, at the third hour of the night;
24 And provide them beasts, that they may set Paul on, and bring him safe unto Felix the governor.
25 And he wrote a letter after this manner:
26 Claudius Lysias unto the most excellent governor Felix sendeth greeting.
27 This man was taken of the Jews, and should have been killed of them: then came I with an army, and rescued him, having understood that he was a Roman.

Notice how the chief captain embellishes the truth here to make himself look good. He did not know Paul was a Roman when he rescued him. In fact, he was planning on scourging Paul to elicit a confession before he learned that Paul was a Roman citizen. (Acts 22)

28 And when I would have known the cause wherefore they accused him, I brought him forth into their council:
29 Whom I perceived to be accused of questions of their law, but to have nothing laid to his charge worthy of death or of bonds.
30 And when it was told me how that the Jews laid wait for the man, I sent straightway to thee, and gave commandment to his accusers also to say before thee what they had against him. Farewell.
31 Then the soldiers, as it was commanded them, took Paul, and brought him by night to Antipatris.

This is the third time that Paul had to escape by night because of a plot to kill him.


An escort of 470 soldiers

32 On the morrow they left the horsemen to go with him, and returned to the castle:
33 Who, when they came to Cæsarea, and delivered the epistle to the governor, presented Paul also before him.
34 And when the governor [Antonius Felix] had read the letter, he asked of what province he was. And when he understood that he was of Cilicia;
35 I will hear thee, said he, when thine accusers are also come. And he commanded him to be kept in Herod’s judgment hall.
Acts 23:12-35

So, now Paul is in Caesarea Maritima again (Acts 21:8), the capital of Roman Judea, waiting for his accusers to come down from Jerusalem so Felix can hold a hearing to determine the nature of the case against Paul.

Throughout Paul’s ordeal, he keeps his faith and embraces his situation. Paul did not seek hardship, like the Holy Fool in the Christian tradition, or like the Sannyasi in the Hindu tradition. Paul wrote I know both how to be abased, and I know how to abound: every where and in all things I am instructed both to be full and to be hungry, both to abound and to suffer need. (Phil 4:12) Part of our sanctification is to deny ourselves (Matt 16:24), but in the case of Paul (and Jesus), suffering seems to be a consequence of Holiness, not a means or method to attain holiness. When suffering does come, however, it leads to a greater understanding and closeness to God for the child of God. For others, it can drive them away from God. The same sun that melts the ice hardens the clay.

For the Christian, suffering is merely transitory. We understand that all our shortcomings, sufferings, and failures in this life are merely training tools. In the millennium, everyone who has received Christ as his personal Saviour will get a do-over. The people of New Haven, Connecticut, understood this. In 1796 they organized plans for a community cemetery. Located in the middle of the Yale University campus, the lintel to the arch over the entrance of the Grove Street Cemetery, completed in 1845, still bears the prophetic words, “THE DEAD SHALL BE RAISED,” taken from I Corinthians 15:52.

It will be five days before the high priest and the elders come down from Jerusalem and arrive at Caesarea, along with their attack dog and lead prosecutor, Tertullus. We will see what happens next in our next post.

Father, help us to follow your will in all things and to embrace whatever Providence allows to come our way, that we may keep things in perspective, knowing that this life is but a vapour, that appeareth for a little time, and then vanisheth away. (James 4:14)

Acts 22:25-23:11 — Paul’s Defense Before the Sanhedrin

~ mikethemissionary

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

When we left off in our last post, Paul was about to be examined by scourging after causing an uproar. It was Paul’s comment about being sent to the Gentiles that caused the uproar, if not an all-out riot. Not knowing Hebrew, the chief captain did not know what Paul said to the crowd to get them so riled up. So, he decided to scourge Paul until he confessed whatever it was he had said. (Acts 22:24)

The year is 58 AD.

Father, fill us with your Holy Spirit, and give us understanding as we read thy word, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 22:25-23:11
25 And as they bound him with thongs, Paul said unto the centurion that stood by, Is it lawful for you to scourge a man that is a Roman, and uncondemned?

Paul knows how to talk to people. Instead of saying, “You cannot scourge me! I’m a Roman!” He simply asks a question, one he already knows the answer to. (When you need something from someone, it is often better to word it as a question than as a command. ‘Can we’, ‘Can you’, or ‘Can I’ sounds better than ‘Give me this’ or
‘Do that’.)

26 When the centurion heard that, he went and told the chief captain, saying, Take heed what thou doest: for this man is a Roman.
27 Then the chief captain came, and said unto him, Tell me, art thou a Roman? He said, Yea.
28 And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this freedom. And Paul said, But I was free born.

As a Roman citizen, Paul had something in common with the chief captain, Claudius Lysias, except Claudius was an ex-slave, while Paul was ‘free born’. Claudius had purchased his freedom and worked his way up through the ranks in the army.

As a citizen, Paul had rights afforded to him by Roman law. If Paul had been a Roman from Rome, I believe he probably would have been released. However, since Paul was a Jewish Roman, he was still stuck in the system (according to God’s will), being accused by the Jews.

29 Then straightway they departed from him which should have examined him: and the chief captain also was afraid, after he knew that he was a Roman, and because he had bound him.

The guy holding the whip immediately walks away. Even Claudius is worried he might be in trouble now.

30 On the morrow, because he would have known the certainty wherefore he was accused of the Jews, he loosed him from his bands, and commanded the chief priests and all their council to appear, and brought Paul down, and set him before them.

Paul always wanted an audience before the Sanhedrin. Paul himself used to be a member. This is the same council that had Jesus crucified, had Stephen stoned, and now is seeking to kill Paul, one of their own.

AND Paul, earnestly beholding the council, said, Men and brethren, I have lived in all good conscience before God until this day.
2 And the high priest Ananias commanded them that stood by him to smite him on the mouth.

Not a very receptive audience, to say the least. Paul is just beginning his opening statement when Ananias has someone hit him in the mouth. It looks like Paul’s claim to have lived in all good conscience before God is what upset Ananias, the high priest. Paul’s conscience was cleansed by the blood of Christ (Heb 9:14), while Ananias’ conscience was evil. (Heb 10:22)  A good conscience convicts you when you do bad. An evil conscience convicts you when you do good.

3 Then said Paul unto him, God shall smite thee, thou whited wall: for sittest thou to judge me after the law, and commandest me to be smitten contrary to the law?

God did smite Ananias. According to Wiersbe, history remembers Ananias as a corrupt ruler who favored Rome over Israel. During the revolt of 66 AD, when Ananias fled for his life to Rome, he was captured by the Jews and executed.

4 And they that stood by said, Revilest thou God’s high priest?
5 Then said Paul, I wist not, brethren, that he was the high priest: for it is written, Thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler of thy people.

Just as Jesus pointed out that He was being abused contrary to the law at his trial (John 18:23), Paul points out that it was illegal for them to hit him. But when Paul is told he is addressing the high priest, he corrects himself for calling the high priest a whited wall. This is one of the scriptures that indicates Paul had eye trouble. If Paul could see well, they should not have had to tell him he was speaking to the high priest.

6 But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Men and brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee: of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.

Realizing that they are not going to listen, Paul makes the best of a bad situation. He gets the Pharisees on his side by bringing up the doctrine of the resurrection and reminding them that he is a Pharisee too.

7 And when he had so said, there arose a dissension between the Pharisees and the Sadducees: and the multitude was divided.
8 For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit: but the Pharisees confess both.
9 And there arose a great cry: and the scribes that were of the Pharisees’ part arose, and strove, saying, We find no evil in this man: but if a spirit or an angel hath spoken to him, let us not fight against God.

Paul even has some of the scribes on his side. While it was the Pharisees that persecuted Jesus, it will be the Sadducees that persecute Paul now.

10 And when there arose a great dissension, the chief captain, fearing lest Paul should have been pulled in pieces of them, commanded the soldiers to go down, and to take him by force from among them, and to bring him into the castle. [fortress Antonia]
11 And the night following the Lord stood by him, and said, Be of good cheer, Paul: for as thou hast testified of me in Jerusalem, so must thou bear witness also at Rome.
Acts 22:25-23:11

Here is one of the main reasons that I believe Paul was in God’s will when he went up to Jerusalem. Jesus tells him to be of good cheer, because as he testified in Jerusalem, he must bear witness also in Rome. That doesn’t sound like something Jesus would say to someone who was out of his will.

From here on out, Paul knows he is on his way to Rome. This is good news as Paul has been wanting to go there. (Acts 19:21; Rom 1:13; 15:24) It will not happen right away, but having received his instructions from the Lord, Paul knows it is as good as done. They say getting there is half the fun, and Paul will have a lot to do before he arrives in Rome. It may not sound like much fun, but I think Paul enjoyed some of it. Not only was it an adventure, but the Lord was with him, and Paul knew he was doing his duty.

Paul will be a prisoner throughout the rest of Acts. Having testified to the Sanhedrin, Paul, the apostle to the Gentiles, will now use his court case to share the gospel with the Roman authorities. Paul began sharing the gospel with Roman officials in Acts 13:

In closing, one thing that struck me in this section was how they arbitrarily struck Paul on the mouth. Imagine going into court, and just as you are getting your first sentence out, they have someone hit you in the mouth. This sounds foreign to us because we enjoy the benefits of living in a society with individual rights derived from the Christian worldview. We have Paul to thank for that, yet things are changing. Francis Schaeffer saw this change taking place over 40 years ago. He detailed his concerns in A Christian Manifesto (Crossway Books, 1982). Schaeffer delivered the message below in 1982, based on the thesis of his book.

A PDF of Schaeffer’s remarks is available here.

When we appear before the Bema seat, hopefully we will be able to say with Paul, We are unprofitable servants: we have done that which was our duty to do. (Luke 17:10) Doing your duty may sound like a lot of work, but there is no greater feeling than the thrill you get when you lead someone to Christ.

Father, fill us with your Holy Spirit day by day. Help us to focus on your Son, and not on the distractions from the world. Protect us from evil. Help us to be salt and light to those You send us to. Help us to be as patient with others as You are with us. Help us to forgive others as You have forgiven us, that we may do our duty, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 22:1-24 — Paul’s Speech to his Brethren in Jerusalem

~ mikethemissionary

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

When we left off in our last post, Paul was rescued by Roman guards just before being torn to pieces by the Jews in Jerusalem. He had been falsely accused of bringing a Gentile into the temple. When Paul asked the chief captain to let him address the people, he consented. We pick back up as Paul begins his speech.

Father, fill us with your Holy Spirit and give us understanding as we read your precious word, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 22:1-24
MEN, brethren, and fathers, hear ye my defence which I make now unto you.
2 (And when they heard that he spake in the Hebrew tongue to them, they kept the more silence: and he saith,)

Some commentators say Paul was speaking Aramaic, which was the common tongue in Israel in that day, but I am not so sure. An Israeli friend of mine once told me when his Israeli son saw The Passion of the Christ (with dialogue in Aramaic), he did not need the subtitles. He understood the Aramaic just fine. I suspect that Paul may have chosen to speak Hebrew, and the people understood him. In any case, hearing Paul speak in Hebrew calmed the crowd down. They are intently listening now that they hear him speaking Hebrew.

3 I am verily a man which am a Jew, born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, yet brought up in this city at the feet of Gamaliel, and taught according to the perfect manner of the law of the fathers, and was zealous toward God, as ye all are this day.
4 And I persecuted this way unto the death, binding and delivering into prisons both men and women.

It has not been all that long since Jesus was teaching in the temple in Jerusalem. Paul’s audience knew who Jesus was. They knew what this way was. When Paul says he persecuted them unto the death, they continue listening intently.

5 As also the high priest doth bear me witness, and all the estate of the elders: from whom also I received letters unto the brethren, and went to Damascus, to bring them which were there bound unto Jerusalem, for to be punished.
6 And it came to pass, that, as I made my journey, and was come nigh unto Damascus about noon, suddenly there shone from heaven a great light round about me.
7 And I fell unto the ground, and heard a voice saying unto me, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?
8 And I answered, Who art thou, Lord? And he said unto me, I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom thou persecutest.
9 And they that were with me saw indeed the light, and were afraid; but they heard not the voice of him that spake to me.

In Acts 9:7, Dr Luke said that those who journeyed with Paul heard ‘a voice’ but saw no man. It does not say ‘what’ voice they heard. It certainly does not say they heard the voice of him that spake to [Paul]. (See John 12:29, for a similar scenario.)

10 And I said, What shall I do, Lord? And the Lord said unto me, Arise, and go into Damascus; and there it shall be told thee of all things which are appointed for thee to do.
11 And when I could not see for the glory of that light, being led by the hand of them that were with me, I came into Damascus.
12 And one Ananias, a devout man according to the law, having a good report of all the Jews which dwelt there,
13 Came unto me, and stood, and said unto me, Brother Saul, receive thy sight. And the same hour I looked up upon him.
14 And he said, The God of our fathers hath chosen thee, that thou shouldest know his will, and see that Just One, and shouldest hear the voice of his mouth.
15 For thou shalt be his witness unto all men of what thou hast seen and heard.
16 And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord.
17 And it came to pass, that, when I was come again to Jerusalem, even while I prayed in the temple, I was in a trance;
18 And saw him saying unto me, Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem: for they will not receive thy testimony concerning me.
19 And I said, Lord, they know that I imprisoned and beat in every synagogue them that believed on thee:
20 And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.

Again, as Paul tells about the murder of Stephen, they stay silent and continue to listen.

21 And he said unto me, Depart: for I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles.
22 And they gave him audience unto this word, and then lifted up their voices, and said, Away with such a fellow from the earth: for it is not fit that he should live.

They gave Paul audience unto “this word.” What word? Gentiles. The mention of the word Gentiles set the crowd off like a match to gasoline, the same way they went off when Paul was accused of bringing a Gentile into the temple. Paul knew what would happen when he told them he was sent to the Gentiles, but he did not care. All Paul cared about was being a faithful witness and telling the truth. The gospel is for everyone, both Jew and Gentile. (John 3:16; Rom 1:16)

23 And as they cried out, and cast off their clothes, and threw dust into the air,
24 The chief captain commanded him to be brought into the castle, and bade that he should be examined by scourging; that he might know wherefore they cried so against him.
Acts 22:1-24

This chapter opens the door to one of the hottest topics of the 21st Century: ‘racism’. It is also one of my least favorite topics to discuss. On a problem scale of 1 to 10, I think the greatest problem this world faces is a lack of Bible knowledge at number 10. Racism would be somewhere down around number 1. That being said, racism is a problem, although not necessarily one of the major problems facing us today. One of the best ways to fight racism, according to Morgan Freeman, is to “Quit talking about it.”

That being said, like most of our problems, the answer to the racism problem is Jesus. I recall seeing the testimony of a South African man who admittedly ‘hated’ black people for most of his life, ever since his dad had an affair with a Zulu lady. He then explained how immediately after receiving Christ, his racism was gone, and he no longer hated black people.

I can still recall the first time I saw someone who was not the same color as me. I was about four years old, and I saw a choir of inner-city children on TV singing “He’s Got The Whole World In His Hands.” At first, I was suspicious as they looked much different than anyone I had ever seen before, but in very short order, I noticed the quality of their song. It was the most beautiful thing I had ever heard. When I realized they were singing about Jesus, whom I had just recently met, I decided they were just like me. I was no longer suspicious of them.

Then there is the old anecdote about having your car break down in a very bad neighborhood. It’s dark; the streetlights are not working; seedy characters milling about. As you make your way down the street looking for a gas station, you see six big guys heading your way. You get a lump in your throat; your heart is beating fast now. But wait, then you notice they just came out of a church.

Views are shaped by experiences, and the Jews of Paul’s day had their share of bad experiences with Gentiles. From being slaves in Egypt, to being raided by the Assyrians, to having their city and their temple destroyed by the Babylonians, to seeing their fellow countrymen crucified by the occupying Romans, the Jews had plenty of reasons to hate Gentiles. Why didn’t Paul hate them? Because Paul knew Jesus.

Jesus is the way, the [TRUTH], and the life. To know Jesus is to know the truth. If you embrace and tell the truth, you will be considered an idiot, like Prince Myshkin in Dostoyevsky’s The Idiot. The Idiot was Dostoyevsky’s personal favorite among his own writings. A commentary on the way people naturally lie to navigate their way in polite society, The Idiot shows what happens to someone who always tells the truth. In the end, Prince Myshkin, the idiot, went mad. Paul was beheaded. Jesus was crucified. But that was not really the end, now, was it. Paul went to heaven. (II Cor 5:8) Jesus rose again, and ascended into heaven as his disciples watched. Myshkin was a fictional character, but had he been real, he would be in heaven too.

So as for the racist nature of the Jews in Chapter 22, the problem was not ‘racism’. That was only a symptom of the larger problem: they needed Jesus.

You need Jesus. I need Jesus. Everyone needs Jesus. We will see what happens next in our next post, but in the meantime, if you still have not received Jesus as your personal Saviour, say this prayer:

Father in heaven, I realize I am a sinner. Thank You for sending your Son to die for me. Lord Jesus, thank You for the precious blood You shed for me at Calvary. Please come into my heart; I receive You as my personal Saviour. Lord, I repent of my sins and ask You to take control of every area of my life. I pray this in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 21:1-14 — Paul Returns to Israel, Stands by his Convictions, Prepares to go up to Jerusalem

~ mikethemissionary

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

Throughout this study in Acts, we have seen how the Holy Spirit speaks to his people and leads his church. I recently finished reading The Spiritual Man by Watchman Nee, and the last part of the book proved to be most interesting. It shows how our spirits not only receive leadings from the Holy Spirit, but how the enemy can place thoughts in our minds as well. This explains a lot about human behavior, especially among those who do not know Christ. (II Tim 2:26)

Understanding this is fundamental if we are to take control of our own thoughts. (II Cor 10:5) In doing so, we can quash petty squabblings and arguments that seem to come out of nowhere. When we rebuke the enemy, we can then take control of the situation and let the Holy Spirit have his way. This works for evangelism, too.

It used to be that when I would ask people if they wanted to receive Christ, if they said no, I just accepted it. It was while reading Rebecca Brown, who had read Nee, that I realized we do not have to accept the negative reply. If we rebuke Satan out loud, then change the subject (since the person we are evangelizing will be taken aback), we remove Satan’s control over his mind, which keeps him from receiving Christ. (II Cor 4:4) Then I say, I feel like I should ask you one more time, do you want to receive Christ? Then he says yes. I have seen it work this way over and over.

At the same time, we must also learn to overcome our flesh and yield to the leading of the Holy Spirit. This is easier said than done, of course, but essential if we are to be victorious and live an abundant Christian life. (John 10:10)

In our last post, Paul gave his farewell address to the elders who came down to Miletus from Ephesus. We pick back up here, going into Chapter 21.

Father, fill us with your Holy Spirit and give us understanding as we read your precious word, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 21:1-14
1 And it came to pass, that after we were gotten from them [in Miletus], and had launched, we came with a straight course unto Coos [Cō•os], and the day following unto Rhodes, and from thence unto Patara:

Passing by Rhodes, Paul may have seen the ruins of the Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. When Paul saw the ruins of his day, he must have felt he was living in the modern age, the same as we do.

2 And finding a ship sailing over unto Phenicia, we went aboard, and set forth.
3 Now when we had discovered Cyprus, we left it on the left hand, and sailed into Syria, and landed at Tyre: for there the ship was to unlade her burden.

Paul was traveling on a cargo ship. His accommodations were probably quite minimal. We never read about Paul riding a horse or travelling in a carriage. We do read about him walking a lot and getting thrown in jail. Paul was a rugged man, a working man. Paul was the David Livingstone of his day.

4 And finding disciples, we tarried there seven days: who said to Paul through the Spirit, that he should not go up to Jerusalem.

Herein arises the question of whether Paul was in God’s will, going to Jerusalem. My take on the situation is this: These disciples knew through the Spirit that bonds and afflictions awaited Paul in Jerusalem. However, I believe it was their own opinion, not God’s, that Paul should not go. The Holy Spirit had already been telling Paul what awaited him in Jerusalem (Acts 20:22f), and would continue to make it known (see below). In verse 14, when Paul pushes back, Paul’s companions will stop trying to persuade him, saying, The will of the Lord be done.

5 And when we had accomplished those days, we departed and went our way; and they all brought us on our way, with wives and children, till we were out of the city [ie, Tyre]: and we kneeled down on the shore, and prayed.
6 And when we had taken our leave one of another, we took ship; and they returned home again.
7 And when we had finished our course from Tyre, we came to Ptolemais, and saluted the brethren, and abode with them one day.
8 And the next day we that were of Paul’s company departed, and came unto Cæsarea: and we entered into the house of Philip the evangelist, which was one of the seven; and abode with him.

We left Philip in Acts 8. He met a nice girl in Caesarea and settled down. Now he has four daughters. Dr Luke reminds us that Philip was one of the seven deacons chosen in Acts 6. Paul was involved with the murder of one of the others, Stephen. Paul is forgiven, and Philip is happy to host him. This is true Christianity. 

9 And the same man had four daughters, virgins, which did prophesy.

Not only does Philip have four daughters, but they prophesy. That could mean they make prophecies, or it could mean they were able to open the understanding of the Scriptures to others, show others the mind of Christ.

10 And as we tarried there many days, there came down from Judæa a certain prophet, named Agabus.
11 And when he was come unto us, he took Paul’s girdle, and bound his own hands and feet, and said, Thus saith the Holy Ghost, So shall the Jews at Jerusalem bind the man that owneth this girdle, and shall deliver him into the hands of the Gentiles.

The last time we heard from Agabus, he prophesied that a famine was coming. (Acts 11) His prophecies do not exactly tickle the ears, but someone has to be willing to say the things people do not want to hear. I respect Agabus for that.

12 And when we heard these things, both we, and they of that place, besought him not to go up to Jerusalem.
13 Then Paul answered, What mean ye to weep and to break mine heart? for I am ready not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus.
14 And when he would not be persuaded, we ceased, saying, The will of the Lord be done.
Acts 21:1-14

We are at the end of Paul’s third missionary journey now. In our next post, Paul returns to Jerusalem against the pleas of his fellowservants who have been telling him not to go. The ‘we’ in verse 14 shows even Dr Luke was against it, but the truth is not found in a majority. Christians disagree about all sorts of things, but we are still family. I believe Paul knew what he was doing. Paul was willing to go all the way for God. He forsook all to fulfill God’s call on his life, which meant suffering:

16 For I will shew him how great things he must suffer for my name’s sake.
Acts 9:16

Paul is the New Testament Job. Paul had a more impressive set of credentials than any of those beseeching him not to go to Jerusalem. (Eg, II Cor 11:23-28) Therefore, I trust Paul’s discernment and decision-making above those who told him not to go to Jerusalem. Paul was a man who had learned to crucify his flesh and let the Spirit lead. The Holy Spirit is a Gentleman, and He warned Paul what was coming. He did not force Paul to go. He let Paul make up his own mind. Would to God that we could let the Spirit lead us as Paul did.

Father, thank You for the apostle Paul. Help us to follow his teachings and submit to You and your Son and your Spirit in all things, that we may please You and be ready for your Son when You send Him back for us. We ask this in Jesus’ name. Amen.

In closing, I have never suffered for the gospel like those we read about in the Bible, but I have certainly been misunderstood like many of them. I have had some of the nastiest lies imaginable said about me. Why? Simply for telling the truth. Recently, I watched The Mauritanian, and for the first time since publishing Dragon Slayer in 2014, I felt like someone finally told me I was right. (Thank God for attorneys Nancy Hollander and Stuart Couch.) Another film that I found inspiring was Superspreader. Sean Feucht stood against a host of people telling him he was wrong, including his own wife, to do what he knew was right in 2020. Again, I felt like someone told me I was right about what I wrote in 2014; right about the shots, right about the warped view being taught about Romans 13, right about how Christians need to tell the truth, even when everyone tells them to stop, right that the government is not God. Finally, in Dragon Slayer, I wrote that Noah’s ark has been found, and the site in question is finally getting some attention as recent experiments are confirming that it very well could be the location where the ark landed. See here also. These are just a few of the many things I wrote about that have aged well since I published Dragon Slayer 12 years ago. Whatever trials I may face for telling the truth are worth it, but telling the truth always comes with a price. Jesus was crucified for it. Then He rose again, and ascended into heaven. And He is coming back.

Acts 20:18-38 — Farewell to Ephesus

~ mikethemissionary

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

In our last post, Paul sent for the elders in Ephesus. In this post, they come down to Miletus to hear Paul’s message to them before he leaves for Jerusalem.

Father, fill us with your Holy Spirit and give us understanding as we read your word, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 20:18-38
18 And when they [the elders from Ephesus] were come to him [Paul], he said unto them, Ye know, from the first day that I came into Asia, after what manner I have been with you at all seasons,


Ephesus, West Side

19 Serving the Lord with all humility of mind, and with many tears, and temptations [Gk peirasmos], which befell me by the lying in wait of the Jews:

Peirasmos is the same word that Matthew used to describe Jesus’ temptation by the devil, which was a test. (Matt 4:1) Likewise, our trials are tests, and they cannot come unless God allows them. (Job 1:8-2:6) Among these trials, or temptations, that befell Paul by the lying in wait of the Jews (or certain zealots among them) was being beaten with thirty-nine stripes, on five different occasions. (II Cor 11:24)

The Bible is straightforward and unapologetic about the facts. Paul was persecuted by certain of his own countrymen. He was also persecuted by Gentiles. The church began with the Jews in Jerusalem before it shifted to the Gentiles. I mention this because antisemitism is starting to snowball once again in our day, and I beseech you not to get caught up in it. For every example they give you of something bad some Jewish person or persons did, give them an example of something bad a Gentile or Gentiles did. 

The Jews gave us the Bible. The Jews gave us Jesus. Although most of them have still not seen the light yet, the day is coming soon when they will. (Rev 7) The bottom line is that God made us all, and if you don’t like the way He did it, take it up with Him.

20 And how I kept back nothing that was profitable unto you, but have shewed you, and have taught you publickly, and from house to house,
21 Testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.

Paul had a public ministry, as well as house churches. His message was the same to both the Jews and the Gentiles: repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.

22 And now, behold, I go bound in the spirit unto Jerusalem, not knowing the things that shall befall me there:
23 Save that the Holy Ghost witnesseth in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions abide [Gk menō] me.

In our next post, we will learn more about how the Holy Spirit has been telling Paul that bonds and afflictions abide him. Modern translations say await, but abide is the literal meaning. While the word connotes that bonds and afflictions await, Paul has already been experiencing these things. Literally, the Spirit is saying these things are here to stay.

24 But none of these things move me, neither count I my life dear unto myself, so that I might finish my course with joy, and the ministry, which I have received of the Lord Jesus, to testify the gospel of the grace of God.
25 And now, behold, I know that ye all, among whom I have gone preaching the kingdom of God, shall see my face no more.

Paul knew, through the witness of the Spirit, I believe, that this was the last time they would see him.

26 Wherefore I take you to record this day, that I am pure from the blood of all men.

Why?

27 For I have not shunned to declare unto you all the counsel of God.

Paul was pure from the blood of all men because he did his duty to teach the full counsel of God. Paul taught Leviticus. Paul taught Obadiah. He taught everything from Acts (by living it) to Zephaniah.

28 Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.

By exhorting the elders to feed the church, he meant to feed them the word of God. Verse 28 says that Jesus is God. It says God purchased his church with his own blood. Jesus shed his blood for the church. Therefore, Jesus is God. (God the Son, the second Person in the Godhead.)

29 For I know this, that after my departing shall grievous wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock.
30 Also of your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away disciples after them.
31 Therefore watch, and remember, that by the space of three years I ceased not to warn every one night and day with tears.

The warning about grievous wolves is not something new. Paul had been warning them about it for three years. The wolves are still with us. If they squeeze you for money, they are wolves. (Paul said feed the flock, not fleece the flock.) If they question the word of God, they are wolves. If they demote the deity of Christ in any way, they are wolves. Is there love in their church? (John 13:35) Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them. (Matt 7:20)

32 And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified.

This verse reminds me of a song I learned in Goa:

Oh, the best book to read is the Bible,
The best book to read is the Bible.
If you read it every day,
It will help you on your way.
Oh, the best book to read is the Bible.

33 I have coveted no man’s silver, or gold, or apparel.
34 Yea, ye yourselves know, that these hands have ministered unto my necessities, and to them that were with me.

Paul reminded them that he worked and paid his own way. This was Paul leading by example:

35 I have shewed you all things, how that so labouring ye ought to support the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, how he said, It is more blessed to give than to receive.

The liberal Jesus Seminar voted on which verses Jesus actually said, and the only thing they agreed Jesus definitely said was this above. They either questioned or rejected everything else Jesus said. Satan has attacked the word of God in this way from the very beginning (Gen 3), because the gospel is how Jesus brings life and immortality to light. (II Tim 1:10) But the word of the Lord endureth for ever. And this is the word which by the gospel is preached unto you. (1 Pet 1:25)

36 And when he had thus spoken, he kneeled down, and prayed with them all.

Paul was a man of prayer. To effectively minister the word of God, one must be a man of prayer.

37 And they all wept sore, and fell on Paul’s neck, and kissed him,
38 Sorrowing most of all for the words which he spake, that they should see his face no more. And they accompanied him unto the ship.
Acts 20:18-38

The emphasis in this section is on the grace of God and the word of God. Specifically, the gospel of the grace of God (v 24) and the word of his grace (v 32).

By declaring unto the Ephesians all the counsel of God (v 27), Paul fortified them with the gospel of grace. Grace (unmerited favor) tells me I am forgiven. (I John 1:9) The gospel of grace tells me I can eat meat if I want to. (I Tim 4) The gospel of grace tells me that God loves me on my worst day. (Rom 7:24f) The gospel of grace tells me that Jesus will never leave me or forsake me because of my faith in Him — not because of how good I am. (Thank God, because I’m not good.) The gospel of grace tells me There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit. (Rom 8:1) If you have doubts, read Hebrews 11 and notice how over and over it says by faith (not works) they were able to accomplish all they did. If you still have any further doubts, consider this:

16 Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified.
Galatians 2:16

The more I abide in the word of God, the more I increase my faith (Rom 10:17), which is why Paul taught all the counsel of God.

In this section, we also see an emphasis on Paul’s suffering and how the Spirit had been testifying that Paul’s suffering would continue (v 23). It was this suffering that produced the revelations Paul gave us. The plain truth is that although our flesh resists suffering with all its strength, suffering produces fruit.

When the missionaries were kicked out of China in the early 1950s, there were less than a million Protestant Christians in China. (Far less, conservative scholars tell us.) Today, after years of persecution and suppression of the church under Communist rule (and no missionaries), there are over 100 million Protestant Christians in China. According to the Bible, it’s good to suffer. (Gal 5:22; Phil 3:10; II Tim 2:12; 3:12; Heb 5:8; Jam 5:10; I Pet 2:21; 3:14; 4:1, 13; et al)

We are coming to the end of Paul’s third missionary journey. Paul’s first three missionary journeys took place over about ten years, circa 48-58 AD. In our next post, Paul will continue on his way to Jerusalem. We will see the Holy Spirit continue to testify about the persecution that is in store for Paul. That persecution came, just as God said it would. In our day, the Holy Spirit is testifying that the great tribulation period is coming. We do well to heed this warning and prepare accordingly by abiding in Christ.

Father, help us to abide in your word and to abide in your Son through trusting in the gospel of his grace, that we may be prepared against the day of his coming. We pray this in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 19:1-12 – Paul in Ephesus Part I

~ mikethemissionary

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

In this post, we come to one of the high-water marks in Paul’s ministry, his ministry in Ephesus. Fill us with your Holy Spirit, Father, and give us understanding as we read thy word, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 19:1-12
1 And it came to pass, that, while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul having passed through the upper coasts [in what we know as Turkey] came to Ephesus: and finding certain disciples,

In our last post on the conclusion of Chapter 18, we saw Apollos evangelizing in Ephesus, but knowing only John’s baptism. (Acts 18:25) Then he met Priscilla and Aquila, who expounded unto him the way of God more perfectly. Afterward, Apollos left for Corinth. These ‘certain disciples’ that Paul found are likely affiliates of Apollos, whom he evangelized before he met Priscilla and Aquila.

2 He said unto them, Have ye received the Holy Ghost since ye believed? And they said unto him, We have not so much as heard whether there be any Holy Ghost.
3 And he said unto them, Unto what then were ye baptized? And they said, Unto John’s baptism.

Here we have some insight into the so-called ‘Jesus only’ controversy. As part of this misunderstanding, some say that unless someone is baptized in the name of Jesus, their baptism is not valid. Yet we can see from Paul’s question that they were following the words that Jesus gives for baptism, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: (Matt 28:19) They say they have not heard of the Holy Ghost, and Paul asks, Unto what then were you baptized? In other words, they should have heard of the Holy Ghost as they were baptized.

When I baptize someone, I add ‘in the name of Jesus’ just to make everyone happy, but baptism does not save. Only faith in Jesus saves. If you get baptized without faith, you do not get saved; you just get wet.

4 Then said Paul, John verily baptized with the baptism of repentance, saying unto the people, that they should believe on him which should come after him, that is, on Christ Jesus.
5 When they heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.

The ‘Jesus only’ crowd would point to this verse to prove their point, but I would argue it only shows that Paul was not concerned with a rigid formula for baptism. Whether you say in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, or whether you say in the name of the Lord Jesus, what matters is that the one being baptized believes that Jesus died for her or his sins and rose again (Rom 10:9), not what words are used.

6 And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the Holy Ghost came on them; and they spake with tongues, and prophesied.

Verse 6 seems to show that there can be a second filling of the Holy Spirit to empower the believer for service after one initially believes and is saved. Paul laid hands on them, but in Acts 10:44, the Holy Spirit fell on new believers as Peter was speaking. It is best to avoid rigid thinking about the way things should be done. Thinking there is only one way to receive the Holy Ghost, or only one way to be baptized, is not biblical. Jesus healed people in many different ways, I believe to show there is no ‘one right way’ to do it. Sometimes, He made clay and anointed their eyes. Sometimes he spat and touched their tongue. Sometimes, He said, Stretch forth thine hand. Sometimes He touched their eyes. Sometimes Jesus healed without doing anything. 

7 And all the men were about twelve.

It took 10 men to have a synagogue. These certain disciples were members of a synagogue, so after meeting them, Paul goes to their synagogue.

8 And he went into the synagogue, and spake boldly for the space of three months, disputing and persuading the things concerning the kingdom of God.
9 But when divers were hardened, and believed not, but spake evil of that way before the multitude, he departed from them, and separated the disciples, disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus.

Paul did his best, but some of them refused to believe and started causing trouble. Paul then departed from them and changed venues. Tyrannus the philosopher welcomed Paul, showing he was open-minded. All we know about Tyrannus is that he operated a lecture hall, but I like to think that the way Dr Luke mentions his name is a subtle hint that Tyrannus became a believer.

10 And this continued by the space of two years; so that all they which dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord Jesus, both Jews and Greeks.

Here we have a Romans 8:28, one of many in Acts. After the troublemakers in the synagogue made it necessary for Paul to move on, he reached a much larger audience through his teaching ministry at the school of Tyrannus.

11 And God wrought special miracles by the hands of Paul:

Paul did not work the miracles; God did. Dr Luke uses careful wording to make this clear.

12 So that from his body were brought unto the sick handkerchiefs or aprons, and the diseases departed from them, and the evil spirits went out of them.
Acts 19:1-12

In II Thessalonians 3:10, Paul wrote that if a man does not work, neither should he eat. Although Paul was preaching and teaching, he supported himself through his tentmaking trade, rather than by receiving donations. These handkerchiefs or aprons were Paul’s work rags that he used as he was tentmaking.

The disciples in Ephesus had such reverence for Paul as a holy man that they took his sweaty work rags and laid them on the sick. This may sound superstitious to our modern minds, but it shows God’s great grace and patience. God will meet us where we are. The people in that part of the world were indeed superstitious; some still are. If my understanding is limited to thinking that touching the hem of Jesus’ garment will heal me (Luke 8:44), or that touching Paul’s work rags or his apron will heal or cast a demon out of someone, then God will meet me there. If I am like the Roman centurion who had no superstitious beliefs as such, God is even more pleased. (Luke 7:9)

So as Chapter 19 opens, we see how Paul helped some Jewish believers he found in Ephesus who had not heard of the Holy Spirit; how he taught in the synagogue, then became persona non grata there; how this turned out to expand the reach of his teaching ministry, and how miracles were wrought as a byproduct of Paul’s tentmaking. I wonder if Paul was thinking about the Romans 8:28 principle as he was slaving in the hot sun making tents, or after he had to leave the synagogue? I heard a certain preacher talking about Romans 8:28 who said And we know that some things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose. Of course he was being facetious. If we really believe the Bible, we ought to always be able to roll with the punches, knowing that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose.

I like to use this same technique on other Bible verses:

6 Let your speech be in some ways with grace, seasoned with salt, that ye may know how ye ought to answer every man.
Colossians 4:6

14 Do some things without murmurings and disputings:
Philippians 2:14

13 For some who call upon the name of the Lord might be saved.
Romans 10:13

6 Jesus saith unto him, I am a way, a truth, and a life: there are other ways unto the Father, besides me.
John 14:6

15 And he said unto them, Go ye into the local community, and preach the gospel to some.
Mark 16:15

If I really believe the Bible is true, I have to reevaluate my behavior. Father, thank You for your perfect and everlasting word, which is able to make us wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. Help us to fear You and walk in your ways, that we may please your Son in all things, for your glory, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 18:23-28 — Many Mansions

~ mikethemissionary

Acts 18:23-28 — Many Mansions

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

In our last post, Paul completed his second missionary journey and returned to his home church in Antioch of Syria. I then remarked how Paul makes me feel wholly inadequate as a Christian. If you have ever felt that way too, I have good news for you. Your salvation is not incumbent on your performance. If we had to add anything to the cross (like the law, for example), that would not be good news. ‘Gospel’ literally means ‘good news’, and the good news is that salvation is a free gift because Jesus has paid the price for our salvation in full. (John 19:30)

Jesus told a parable about a merchant man seeking goodly pearls (Matt 13:45f), Who, when he had found one pearl of great price, went and sold all that he had, and bought it. Some well-meaning commentators have interpreted the parable as saying that you have to ‘give everything’ for the gospel, but that is not what Jesus’ parable is saying. The merchant man in Jesus’ parable is Jesus, not you. You are the pearl. Jesus considers you so valuable that He sold all that He had to buy you:

6 Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God:
7 But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant,
and was made in the likeness of men:
8 And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became
obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.
9 Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name:
10 That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth,
and things under the earth;

Now that is what I call good news! Paul understood how greatly the world needed to hear this good news, which is why he was willing to suffer as he did to spread the gospel. What about you and me? If I want rewards, I have my work cut out for me — works of faith, that is, not works of the law.

Father, fill us with your Holy Spirit and give us understanding as we read thy word, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 18:23-28
23 And after he [Paul] had spent some time there [in Antioch], he departed, and went over all the country of Galatia and Phrygia in order, strengthening all the disciples.

Not one to let grass grow under his feet, Paul launches out on his third missionary journey in the next verse after returning from his second, after he had spent some time in Antioch. Paul’s third missionary journey will take place between 53 or 54 and 58 AD. Virtually all commentators emphasize Paul’s conflict with the Judaizers here and say that by this time, the Epistle to the Galatians was written. However, based on the Euthalian tradition of the New Testament, I am not so sure about that. The KJV postscript at the end of Galatians says it was written from Rome. 

What I am sure of, however, is that Paul was strengthening the churches in Galatia and Phrygia with the gospel of grace, which is emphasized in the Epistle to the Galatians.

The gospel of grace says that your sins are forgiven through faith, regardless of what sins you may have committed, or when. Jesus died for all of your sins, not just the sins you committed before you were saved. When Jesus died and rose again, I was not even born yet. He died for every sin I would ever commit throughout my entire life.

The gospel of grace does not insult Jesus by trying to add something else to his gift for us on Calvary. When you give someone a gift, do you expect payment in return? Of course you don’t, but I have received ‘gifts’ like this before. When I was a manager at a certain company in Los Angeles, one of the salespeople bought an expensive lunch for my department. I soon found out, however, that she expected her orders to be put at the front of the line ahead of everyone else’s, as she continually reminded me about the lunch she bought for my department. So the lunch was not a gift; it was meant as a bribe. Jesus does not engage in bribery. When Jesus gives you a gift, it’s free. (Rom 5:15-18)

But then, someone tells me I have to keep the sabbath. Someone else tells me I have to be baptized the ‘right way’. Someone else tells me my hair is too long (or at least it used to be).

In the book of Acts, the church met on the first day of the week, the day Jesus rose from the dead, not on the sabbath. (Acts 20:7; cf I Cor 16:2) Paul addressed this issue in his Epistle to the Romans. (Rom 14:5) If baptism were necessary for our salvation, Paul would have been baptizing people, but as a matter of fact, he baptized very few. Paul said, For Christ sent me not to baptize, but to preach the gospel: not with wisdom of words, lest the cross of Christ should be made of none effect. (1 Cor 1:17) Back in the 90s, a leader in a church where I was doing some teaching said I should get a haircut. I said, “Do I have to?” After a long pause, the answer was, “No, you don’t have to.” I therefore said, “Okay, then I will.” (Did you know that John Wesley, one of the greatest Christians of all time, had long hair?)

Salvation is not by faith plus keeping the sabbath. Salvation is not by faith plus baptism. Salvation is not by faith plus a haircut. Salvation is by faith alone in Christ alone. Period. If one thinks that taking a day off, or getting wet, or getting a haircut, is comparable to the blood of Christ, he does not value the blood of Christ very much. It would be kind of like if I gave you some mansions in Europe, complete with servants, yachts, plus a big expense account, tax-free, and an Italian passport to go with it all, but then you gave me a penny in return and said, “I want to show that I’m willing to contribute something myself.” Would I be insulted? You bet I would be.

24 And a certain Jew named Apollos, born at Alexandria, an eloquent man, and mighty in the scriptures, came to Ephesus.

On our map above, Alexandria would be just west of where the Nile empties into the Mediterranean.

25 This man was instructed in the way of the Lord; and being fervent in the spirit, he spake and taught diligently the things of the Lord, knowing only the baptism of John.
26 And he began to speak boldly in the synagogue: whom when Aquila and Priscilla had heard, they took him unto them, and expounded unto him the way of God more perfectly.

Apollos knew his Bible, which at that time was the Old Testament. He knew only the baptism of John, so he was preaching on the prophecies in the Old Testament about Jesus the Messiah.

Aquila and Priscilla, however, had been taught by Paul. They therefore taught Apollos the gospel more perfectly, ie, more accurately or more completely. (This is how perfectly was used in times past. For example, the preamble to the Constitution announced the formation of a more perfect Union.)

Apollos was humble and received their instruction. (Ps 25:9) Apollos is now preaching the gospel of grace. He must have been, or he could not have helped them much which had believed through grace:

27 And when he was disposed to pass into Achaia, the brethren wrote, exhorting the disciples to receive him: who, when he was come, helped them much which had believed through grace:

Paul did not use letters of recommendation (II Cor 3:1), but Apollos was happy to use such letters.

28 For he mightily convinced the Jews, and that publickly, shewing by the scriptures that Jesus was Christ [Messiah].
Acts 18:23-28

As Acts 18 concludes, we see that as Paul was ministering the gospel of grace in Galatia and Phrygia, Aquila, Priscilla, and Apollos were ministering the gospel of grace in Ephesus and Achaia. These four Jews were just a few of those we read about in Acts who were working in concert to further the gospel of grace.

A good understanding of God’s grace is essential. When I understand God’s grace, I have a strong sense of security and shalom. I understand that God loves me just as much on my worst day as He does on my best day. God’s love for me is based on his Son’s righteousness, and my relationship with Him through faith, not on any righteousness of my own. In fact, Jesus said his Father loves us as He loves Jesus: I in them, and thou in me, that they may be made perfect in one; and that the world may know that thou hast sent me, and hast loved them, as thou hast loved me. (John 17:23) Isn’t that good news?!

After some time in Ephesus, Aquila and Priscilla went back to Rome (Rom 16:3), then eventually back to Ephesus again (II Tim 4:19). Apollos will pop back up in Chapter 19, several times in I Corinthians, and again in Paul’s letter to Titus. Apollos was such an effective teacher that Paul placed himself on the same level with him. (I Cor 3:6; 4:6)

With all the names we encounter in Acts, I like to think about these different individuals and how each of them fit into the body of Christ. Which New Testament personality do you identify with? Which one would you most like to be like? Socrates said, “Be the kind of person that you want people to think you are.” I say, Nothing to it but to do it.

Another saying I like is, Fake it till you make it. My Grandpa Harvey was a master of this technique. When he was 12 years old, he was with a group of people who were looking to get hired onto a road crew. The foreman came out and said, ‘Who can drive a tractor? My Grandpa said, ‘I can’. He had never even seen a tractor before, but he was hired and figured it out when they showed him where the tractor was. Later in the Great Depression, he went to apply for a job advertised at a machine shop. There were people lined up all the way around the block to apply. Again, a foreman came out and said ‘Who knows how to run a (some machine he had never heard of). He was the only one to raise his hand. He got the job, which turned out to be running a punch press, something he already had experience doing. The good news is that as Christians, we do not have to ‘fake it’. We have been given power and authority (Gk exousia), so even if all you know is John 3:16, you can represent heaven as long as you believe. (John 1:12) Sometimes, beginners make the best evangelists, so there are no excuses. Time’s a-wasting. 

11 Behold, I come quickly: hold that fast which thou hast, that no man take thy crown.
Revelation 3:11

7 Behold, I come quickly: blessed is he that keepeth the sayings of the prophecy of this book.
Revelation 22:7

12 And, behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be.
Revelation 22:12

41 Behold, ye despisers, and wonder, and perish: for I work a work in your days, a work which ye shall in no wise believe, though a man declare it unto you.
Acts 13:41

In closing, the Holy Spirit is witnessing everywhere that Jesus is coming soon. I want those mansions, but I have to remember not to put the cart before the horse. First comes the cross, then comes the crown. (Matt 16:24; Mk 8:34; Luke 9:23; John 14:2; Rev 4:12)

Father, thank You for the gospel of grace and all of the precious promises in your everlasting word, which are available to us through our relationship with your Son. Thank You for perfecting us day by day as we grow in grace, and the knowledge of your Son. He is more precious than we will ever know. Help us to walk by faith with Him as we continue on our paths. We ask this in Jesus’ name, the name above all names. Amen.

Acts 18:12-22 — Paul In Corinth Part II

~ mikethemissionary

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

In Part I, we left Paul teaching the word of God in Corinth. As we pick back up, we find Paul still in Corinth and getting in trouble again, something that happened almost everywhere he went. When Paul wrote, Yea, and all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer persecution, he was speaking from experience. According to Paul, if your Christianity does not get you in trouble at times, you are not doing it right.

Father, thank You for our trials. It is an honor and a blessing to suffer persecution for your Son. Fill us now with your Spirit and give us understanding as we read thy word, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 18:12-22
12 And when Gallio was the deputy of Achaia, the Jews made insurrection with one accord against Paul, and brought him to the judgment seat [Gk bema],

Gallio was the older brother of Seneca, the famous Roman senator. Whether Gallio was a good statesman or a bad statesman has been a matter of debate among commentators. As a libertarian, I have mixed feelings about Gallio, and I will explain why.

13 Saying, This fellow persuadeth men to worship God contrary to the law.

Their charge was more or less true, from a certain point of view. They were still living by the Old Covenant, and had not considered that maybe it was time for the New Covenant Jeremiah prophesied. (Jer 31:31) These Jewish fanatics are telling the Roman proconsul that Paul is not teaching the Scriptures correctly. Imagine going to the governor’s office in your state capital and telling him there is a guy in town who does not teach the Bible the right way. I recall an instance where church leaders actually did this, ie asked a secular leader to solve their dispute with other church leaders, with the same results we have here in Acts. The secular leader did not care, nor should he have.

14 And when Paul was now about to open his mouth, Gallio said unto the Jews, If it were a matter of wrong or wicked lewdness, O ye Jews, reason would that I should bear with you:
15 But if it be a question of words and names, and of your law, look ye to it; for I will be no judge of such matters.

In this respect, I like Gallio. He knows how to stay in his lane. He does not want to get involved in disputes between religious leaders over doctrine — especially concerning a religion that he does not practice or know much about.

16 And he drave them from the judgment seat.
17 Then all the Greeks took Sosthenes, the chief ruler of the synagogue, and beat him before the judgment seat. And Gallio cared for none of those things.

Weirsbe has a little different take on verse 17 than I do. He says that Sosthenes was beaten by the ‘Greeks’ as an act of antisemitism. The word for ‘Greeks’ in the Majority Text is the same word used for Greek proselytes in other places in Acts. (Aleph and B remove the word, so it just says ‘they all beat Sosthenes’.) So either ‘all the Greeks’ beat Sosthenes, or ‘all the Greek proselytes in the synagogue’ beat Sosthenes. In cases like this, where there is some ambiguity, we have to rely on the Holy Spirit to interpret the meaning for us.

It appears to me that Sosthenes was beaten by Greek proselytes for receiving Christ and hosting Paul. Sosthenes and Crispus (v 8) may even be one and the same person. Many of the people in the Bible have two names (eg Silas/ Silvanus, Timothy/ Timotheus, Priscilla/ Prisca, Saul/ Paulus). In any case, if Sothenes was a successor to Crispus, he became a believer and a fellowservant of Paul (I Cor 1:1), the same as Crispus (I Cor 1:14).

Gallio judged that Paul had not broken any Roman laws. I like that he did not want to get involved with the matter in any way. On the other hand, the way Gallio looked on in indifference as Sosthenes was beaten is more of a gray area. Benjamin Franklin famously said, “Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety.” Essentially, Franklin was saying war was preferable to tyranny. There can come a point when a government’s powers are so overbearing that any benefits obtained thereby are just not worth it. So what is the proper balance between liberty and safety? I would say your liberty to wave your fists around stops where my nose starts, but without anyone to enforce that, my nose might end up getting in the way of your fist. So in the case of Sosthenes, Gallio took the liberty of the ‘Greeks’ a little too far. From a libertarian perspective, the primary duty of the government is to protect people’s individual rights.

All that remains of the bema seat today is part of the foundation.

Partial foundation of the bema seat viewed from the north side
Acrocorinth can be seen in the background.

The remaining foundation is only one component of the bema seat, which was only one component of the larger Rostra complex. The bema seat was made of marble and had pillars, benches, and other rooms. The Rostra complex was likewise made of marble with pillars and central shops. On the east end was a circular monument. On the west end was a temple to Hermes.

Reconstruction of the Rostra complex, with the bema seat at the center

In his second Letter to the Corinthians, Paul said we must all appear before the bema seat of Christ. (II Cor 5:10) This will probably be the most solemn occasion we will ever experience. We are going to review our lives, and Jesus will judge them. (John 5:22) We will give an account of every idle word we have ever said. (Matt 12:36) We are going to weep for all our shortcomings, our missed opportunities, and all of the ways we have failed Christ. If we are trusting in Christ alone by faith alone, having the seal of the Holy Spirit (ie if we have oil in our lamps), Jesus is going to wipe the tears from our eyes and say [E]nter thou into the joy of thy lord.

I once heard a story about someone who stood before the bema seat, and he was given a box, but Jesus told him he should probably not look inside. Eventually, curiosity got the best of him, and when he opened the box, he started to weep, because the box contained all the things that Jesus wanted to give him but couldn’t, because of his disobedience. Most parents know what it is like to want to give their child a present, only to be stopped from giving it to the child when he is naughty; to have to put it away and hope for a more opportune time in the future.

18 And Paul after this tarried there yet a good while, and then took his leave of the brethren, and sailed thence into Syria, and with him Priscilla and Aquila; having shorn his head in Cenchrea: for he had a vow.

In our last post, we saw that Paul had already been in Corinth teaching them the word of God for a year and a half. Now, Paul tarries there yet a good while. Paul wrote more to the Corinthians than to any other church. His Letters to them are filled with personal comments about what was happening in the church. He was certainly close to the Corinthian Christians. 

I love the way Paul picks up fellow travelers to serve on his team wherever he goes. Priscilla and Aquila are traveling with him to Ephesus. The vow Paul took was the vow of the Nazarite (Num 6), which Paul had the freedom to do, as a Jewish man under the New Covenant. He also had the freedom not to take a vow. For whatever reason, Paul wanted to take the vow.

Cenchrea is on the south side of the isthmus where Corinth is. Paul and Co walked there from Corinth and took a ship from Cenchrea to Ephesus. It may have been at this time that the church in Cenchrea was planted, or maybe when Paul first met Phoebe. (Rom 16:1) Today, the main road that runs through Cenchrea is called Apostle Paul.

19 And he came to Ephesus, and left them [Priscilla and Aquila] there: but he himself entered into the synagogue, and reasoned with the Jews.

Paul was headed for Ephesus at the beginning of this, his second mission trip, but was directed by the Spirit to go to Macedonia. He may have even wanted to go to Ephesus on his first mission trip, yet was hindered by his thorn in the flesh. (Gal 4:13; II Cor 12:2, 7) Now, at the end of his second mission trip, Paul is finally here in Ephesus, opening the door for him to come back again on his third. That visit may prove to be Paul’s most glorious experience in the mission field. Priscilla and Aquila will be busy in Ephesus while Paul is away, as we will see in our next post.

20 When they desired him to tarry longer time with them, he consented not;
21 But bade them farewell, saying, I must by all means keep this feast that cometh in Jerusalem: but I will return again unto you, if God will. And he sailed from Ephesus.

This reference to God’s will is easy to pass over, but it shows Paul’s reliance on the sovereignty of God. An understanding of the sovereignty of God is a great sedative, and it’s free. When I consider the sovereignty of God, I say, Okay, I may not have gotten what I wanted, but God is not done yet. I can trust Him. He knows what He is doing. (Rom 8:28)

22 And when he had landed at Cæsarea, and gone up, and saluted the church, he went down to Antioch [of Syria].
Acts 18:12-22

‘Gone up’ means gone up to Jerusalem. You always ‘go up’ to Jerusalem. Paul went ‘up’ to Jerusalem, but he went down to Antioch, even though Antioch is north of Jerusalem. In Jerusalem, Paul saluted the church before going back to his home church in Antioch.

Thus ends Paul’s second missionary journey. I do not know about you, but studying the life of Paul makes me feel wholly inadequate as a Christian. I feel like I am going to have no other option at the bema seat but to throw myself on the mercy of the Court. C T Studd famously wrote, “Only one life, ’twill soon be past, Only what’s done for Christ will last.” C T Studd was right. Most of what we build in this life is only wood, hay, and stubble. It’s going to burn.

11 For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ.
12 Now if any man build upon this foundation gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, stubble;
13 Every man’s work shall be made manifest: for the day shall declare it, because it shall be revealed by fire; and the fire shall try every man’s work of what sort it is.
14 If any man’s work abide which he hath built thereupon, he shall receive a reward.
15 If any man’s work shall be burned, he shall suffer loss: but he himself shall be saved; yet so as by fire.
I Corinthians 3:11-15

In closing, meditate on this classic poem by brother Studd:

Only One Life, Twill Soon Be Past
by C.T. Studd

Two little lines I heard one day,
Traveling along life’s busy way;
Bringing conviction to my heart,
And from my mind would not depart;

Only one life, ’twill soon be past,
Only what’s done for Christ will last.

Only one life, yes only one,
Soon will its fleeting hours be done;
Then, in ‘that day’ my Lord to meet,
And stand before His Judgement seat;

Only one life, ’twill soon be past,
Only what’s done for Christ will last.

Only one life, the still small voice,
Gently pleads for a better choice
Bidding me selfish aims to leave,
And to God’s holy will to cleave;

Only one life, ’twill soon be past,
Only what’s done for Christ will last.

Only one life, a few brief years,
Each with its burdens, hopes, and fears;
Each with its days I must fulfill.
living for self or in His will;

Only one life, ’twill soon be past,
Only what’s done for Christ will last.

When this bright world would tempt me sore,
When Satan would a victory score;
When self would seek to have its way,
Then help me Lord with joy to say;

Only one life, ’twill soon be past,
Only what’s done for Christ will last.

Give me Father, a purpose deep,
In joy or sorrow Thy word to keep;
Faithful and true what e’er the strife,
Pleasing Thee in my daily life;

Only one life, ’twill soon be past,
Only what’s done for Christ will last.

Oh let my love with fervor burn,
And from the world now let me turn;
Living for Thee, and Thee alone,
Bringing Thee pleasure on Thy throne;

Only one life, ’twill soon be past,
Only what’s done for Christ will last.

Only one life, yes only one,
Now let me say, “Thy will be done”;
And when at last I’ll hear the call,
I know I’ll say “twas worth it all”;

Only one life, ’twill soon be past,
Only what’s done for Christ will last.

__ extra stanza __

Only one life, ’twill soon be past,
Only what’s done for Christ will last.
And when I am dying, how happy I’ll be,
If the lamp of my life has been burned out for Thee.

Acts 18:1-11 — Paul In Corinth Part I

~ mikethemissionary

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

In Acts 17, Paul was in Athens, where he wrote his first Epistles: I Thessalonians and II Thessalonians. In this post, Paul will move on to Corinth.

Fill us with your Holy Spirit, Father, and give us understanding as we read your word, in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 18:1-11
1 After these things Paul departed from Athens, and came to Corinth;

Before the Battle of Corinth in 146 BC, Corinth was a powerful city-state, with many Corinthian settlements extending far beyond the city walls. After being conquered by the Romans, however, the entire region became Roman public property. By the time Paul arrived, Corinth was a Roman colony, the capital of the Roman province of Achaia.

In Athens, it was Athena who looked out over the city from high atop the Acropolis. In Corinth, it is Aphrodite. Aphrodite was the patroness not just of Corinth, but also of the many prostitutes in the city. These prostitutes took an active role in the annual festival of Aphrodesia, a celebration held in honor of Aphrodite. The temple to Aphrodite was built on the highest point of the acropolis overlooking Corinth, called Acrocorinth. As a licentious and hedonistic city, the word ‘Corinthian’ has become synonymous with licentiousness and hedonism. Corinth was also a center of trade. Because of Corinth’s unique location, there were always travelers coming and going.

Road leading to Acrocorinth

Ruins of the church, then the mosque, built where the temple of Aphrodite was.


Map of Corinth in Paul’s day

2 And found a certain Jew named Aquila, born in Pontus, lately come from Italy, with his wife Priscilla; (because that Claudius had commanded all Jews to depart from Rome:) and came unto them.
3 And because he was of the same craft, he abode with them, and wrought: for by their occupation they were tentmakers.

Rabbis in the first century generally supported themselves with a trade. The rabbis famously said, He who does not teach his son a trade teaches him to be a thief. Paul’s trade was tentmaking. Paul said he had power to live off the gospel, but he did not use it in Corinth. (I Cor 9:11f)

Pricilla and Aquila were a dynamic Christian couple. They became Paul’s fellowservants and even risked their lives to help Paul. (Rom 16:3) They went on to host a home church in their house in Asia (I Cor 16:19) and also later in Rome (Rom 16:5). They will be instrumental in discipling Apollos, a mighty leader in the early church (v 28).

4 And he reasoned in the synagogue every sabbath, and persuaded the Jews and the Greeks.

Although Paul was busy tentmaking to pay the bills, he was faithful to evangelize in the synagogue on the sabbath. Opportunities probably arose throughout his workweek as well.

5 And when Silas and Timotheus were come from Macedonia, Paul was pressed in the spirit, and testified to the Jews that Jesus was Christ.

II Corinthians 11:9 says that Silas and Timothy brought a gift from the Christians in Macedonia, which was undoubtedly a great help to Paul. It probably allowed him to spend more time ministering the gospel and less time tentmaking. We are seeing a real team effort here: Paul’s friends back in Macedonia, Silas, Timothy, Priscilla and Aquila, plus more to come below (Justus, Crispus and his family, Apollos). This is among the most rewarding aspects of ministering the gospel, the friends and fellowservants who you meet who help you along the way.

6 And when they opposed themselves, and blasphemed, he shook his raiment, and said unto them, Your blood be upon your own heads; I am clean: from henceforth I will go unto the Gentiles.

Paul also said this in Antioch of Pisidia (Acts 13:46), yet he continued going to the synagogue whenever he went to a new town, and he will continue to do so. Paul did not mean he would go unto the Gentiles, period. He meant he would go unto the Gentiles in Corinth. When he goes to Ephesus in Acts 19, he will go to the synagogue as he always does.

7 And he departed thence, and entered into a certain man’s house, named Justus, one that worshipped God, whose house joined hard to the synagogue.

Justus’ full name may have been Titus Justus, or possibly even Gaius Titus Justus. I will leave that for you to investigate further should you feel so inclined.

8 And Crispus, the chief ruler of the synagogue, believed on the Lord with all his house; and many of the Corinthians hearing believed, and were baptized.
9 Then spake the Lord to Paul in the night by a vision, Be not afraid, but speak, and hold not thy peace:
10 For I am with thee, and no man shall set on thee to hurt thee: for I have much people in this city.

This part of the narrative reminds me of an experience I had in Mudzimurema, Zimbabwe — a little town that was full of thieves. When my friends and I arrived there, we were not received warmly, and I was thinking about moving on to a different town, but one of my friends had a dream telling us there was fruit in the town that was ripe for picking. We ended up having great meetings, and the next night, people were knocking on our door to get saved. Some of the people who seemed least likely to get saved did get saved. We also found there were many others in the town besides the rough-looking guys we met when we first arrived. There were families and nice people there.

Corinth was a wicked city with a bad reputation, but there were lots of people there, and where there are people, there is a mission field. Verses 9 and 10 have spoken to me personally in many different cities I have visited throughout my travels. I have found that when I will just open my mouth and give out the gospel, people will almost always respond. I have never had a hair of my head harmed for doing so. I have been harassed in lots of different ways, but I have never been worse for wear. One guy tried to hit me once in Vasco Da Gama, but I slipped out of it, and he didn’t connect well enough to get me. I told him I wasn’t afraid of him, and he eventually left. He got his hand broken (or hurt badly) almost immediately after leaving us. I didn’t have any more trouble from him after that.

11 And he continued there a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them.
Acts 18:1-11

I think Paul was discouraged after the opposition he met in verse 6, or else Jesus would not have had to encourage him in verses 9 and 10. Paul was encouraged, and he stayed to teach the word in Corinth for another year and a half. Paul did not give up; he persevered with some help from his friends.

Ajay Haridasse collapsed from exhaustion as he was approaching the finish line at the Boston Marathon last week, but he did not give up. He fell three more times and was getting ready to crawl when another runner, Aaron Beggs stopped to help him. This inspired a third runner, Robson De Oliveira to help as well. All three, from three different countries, and all dying of exhaustion, crossed the finish line together. Never give up, and when you see someone who needs help, be sure to help. (Matt 7:12) Paul could not have accomplished all he did without help.

Paul’s life illustrates the principle that the more you put into practice the truths that God reveals to you, the more He will continue to reveal. As Paul obediently went where God sent him, the going got harder and harder, but Paul kept going. As Paul continued in obedience, God continued to reveal more and more to him. He was given sign gifts and worked miracles. He spoke in tongues. He wrote beautiful Epistles that are still changing lives today. The fruit of Paul’s journeys was not just the souls that were saved, but the formation of the New Testament. Now that’s what I call a Lifetime Achievement Award.

In closing, let’s take a closer look at verse 2. Priscilla and Aquila had to leave Rome when Claudius Caesar kicked the Jews out of the city. Persecution because of antisemitism is something that we Gentiles do not think much about, but for a Jew, antisemitism is an ever-present danger, and it is drastically increasing in our day. The closer we get to the rapture, the more antisemitism we are seeing.

Antisemitism will not last forever. We even see a subtle allusion to this in Romans 16:3-5. Priscilla and Aquila eventually moved back to Rome. When Jesus returns, Jerusalem will be the capital of the world, and people from every country will annually flow to Israel to worship Messiah and keep the Feast of Tabernacles. Those who do not go up to Jerusalem during the millennium to worship Messiah and keep the Feast of Tabernacles will not receive rain. (Zec 14:16f)

Acts 17:15-34 – Paul In Athens

~ mikethemissionary

Dear Friends,

Greetings in Christ!

When we left off in our last post, the troublemakers from Thessalonica pursued Paul to Berea, causing him to flee once more. This persecution kept Paul moving and, in turn, spreading the gospel even more.

In Acts 17, we get a closer look at the world of the New Testament period. Before Christianity triumphed over paganism, the ancient world was a very bizarre place.

As our section opens, Paul is being conducted by sea to Athens, while Silas and Timothy stay behind in Berea and Thessalonica. This allowed them to minister to the new believers who needed discipleship.

Father, fill us with your Holy Spirit and open our understanding as we read your precious word. We ask this in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Acts 17:15-34
15 And they that conducted Paul brought him unto Athens: and receiving a commandment unto Silas and Timotheus for to come to him with all speed, they departed.

After they drop Paul off in Athens, he gives them a message to take back to Silvanus and Timothy: Come to Athens as soon as possible. When they come, they have a list of questions from the Christians in Thessalonica. It was at this time that Paul wrote I Thessalonians. Then they returned with more questions, so Paul wrote II Thessalonians. Later, Timothy and Silas joined Paul again in Corinth to continue on the mission trip. (Acts 18:5)

16 Now while Paul waited for them at Athens, his spirit was stirred in him, when he saw the city wholly given to idolatry.

The patroness of Athens was, of course, Athena. According to legend, Athena bested Poseidon in a contest for patronage of Athens by creating an olive tree. Her idol in the Parthenon atop the Acropolis was 39’ tall, 43’ tall including the base. Made of ivory and clothed in gold, the statue of Athena was a powerful idol, inasmuch as its aesthetic beauty made it very enticing.

For example, many in Southern India worship the folk deity, Muneeswarar, which is nothing more than an oval rock, about 15” long, painted orange, with a horizontal thick black line for a mouth and two X’s for eyes, also made with thick black lines.


AI-generated image

If people will worship that, how much more would they be enticed to worship the colossal image of Athena Parthenos, “Athena the Virgin”? I suspect this is why the Acropolis Museum in Athens does not have a replica. The museum has a small hologram that shows what the idol looked like:

    If I beheld the sun when it shined, or the moon walking in brightness;
    And my heart hath been secretly enticed, or my mouth hath kissed my hand:
    This also were an iniquity to be punished by the judge: for I should have denied the God that is above.
Job 31:26-28

The Roman counterpart to Athena was Minerva. She was therefore worshiped in one form or another throughout the empire. Expanding on the teaching of the Old Testament, Paul wrote that behind every idol a devil is waiting to be worshiped (Deut 32:17; Ps 106:37; I Cor 10:20f), whether it be the sun, the moon, Athena, or Muneeswarar.

Athena was just one of the many idols worshiped in Athens. (More on that below.) Seeing how the city was wholly given to idolatry, a righteous indignation was stirred in Paul. If there is one sin that God really hates, it is idolatry—so much so that God forbade his people to even utter the names of the idols worshiped by the heathen nations. (Ex 23:13)

17 Therefore disputed he in the synagogue with the Jews, and with the devout persons, and in the market daily with them that met with him.

What was it that Paul was disputing in the synagogue with the Jews, and with the devout persons? The Jews did not worship idols. The Babylonian captivity cured them of that, even unto today. Paul was disputing the same thing he preached everywhere he went, the resurrection of Christ.

In the market (Gk agora), Paul got the attention of the Epicureans, who were libertines, and the Stoics, who were ascetics.


The market, viewed from the north
(The Areopagus is directly behind the market, below the Acropolis.)

18 Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoicks, encountered him. And some said, What will this babbler say? other some, He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods: because he preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection.
19 And they took him, and brought him unto Areopagus, saying, May we know what this new doctrine, whereof thou speakest, is?


This screenshot shows where Paul started in the marketplace (the upper-left quarter of the image) before they took him to the Areopagus (lower-left quarter of the image).

20 For thou bringest certain strange things to our ears: we would know therefore what these things mean.
21 (For all the Athenians and strangers which were there spent their time in nothing else, but either to tell, or to hear some new thing.)

The Areopagus was dedicated to Ares, the god of war. His Roman counterpart was Mars. Dr Luke gives us the Greek name, Areopagus (lit Hill of Ares), as well as the Latin name in verse 22, Mars’ Hill. This is where the Areopagus Council met to judge cases of murder, sacrilege, and arson.


The summit of Mars’ Hill viewed from the Acropolis

The fact that they led Paul to Mars’ Hill shows that they were interested in hearing what he had to say. Paul had a captive audience, as they are very much into the art of oratory. Paul does not disappoint:

22 Then Paul stood in the midst of Mars’ hill, and said, Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are too superstitious.

It is commonly said today that a better translation of ‘too superstitious’ would be ‘very religious’. Those who make this claim say that Paul would not start by rebuking the Athenians but would rather compliment them. I suppose these same folks would have John the Baptist beginning with ‘O generation of religious brethren, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come’. All kidding aside, Paul’s message is filled with rebukes against idolatry. It would not make much sense, therefore, for him to begin by commending them for it.

23 For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.

The Athenians had an altar for every god, but if there was a god they did not know about, they did not want to offend him, so they made an altar for him, just in case. Paul is here to tell them about their UNKNOWN GOD.

24 God that made the world and all things therein, seeing that he is Lord of heaven and earth, dwelleth not in temples made with hands;

Paul made this declaration in the midst of a city filled with temples—on Mars’ Hill, where there were many sanctuaries, including that of the Erinyes, or the Furies to the Romans. Directly above was the temple of Athena on the Acropolis.


The Acropolis viewed from Nymphs Hill at nightfall

25 Neither is worshipped with men’s hands, as though he needed any thing, seeing he giveth to all life, and breath, and all things;

First Paul attacks their temples, then he attacks the idols inside their temples. Paul’s reference to ‘men’s hands’ was a direct reference to idoatry, ie the work of men’s hands. (Deut 4:28; II Kings 19;18; Ps 115:4; Ps 135;15; Isa 37:19) The Athenians felt their idols honored God, but Paul dispelled this idea. If for no other reason, you have to admire Paul for his bravery. Preaching against idolatry in Athens would be like preaching against basketball in the Crypto.com Arena. 

26 And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation;

Because of their fine architecture, their famous philosophers, their theaters, and the arts, the Athenians thought they were a ‘cut above the rest’. Paul is rebuking their conceit. We have all been made of one blood (ie Adam). The ‘time before appointed’ in their day was the beginning of the church age following the first coming of Christ. In our day, the ‘time before appointed’ is the closing of the church age and the second coming of Christ. They owe their Greek pedigree, which they are so proud of, to God, as He set the bounds of their habitation.

27 That they should seek the Lord, if haply they might feel after him, and find him, though he be not far from every one of us:
28 For in him we live, and move, and have our being; as certain also of your own poets have said, For we are also his offspring.

The idea that you are closer to God when you go to a temple (or a church) is still widespread today. This was one of the tenets of the Reformation, and born-again Christians understand that one can be just as close to God in his garage or his basement as in a church.

Paul drives his point home by quoting a couple of their Greek poets, Aratus of Soli and Cleanthes. Both had written odes to Zeus, which said, ‘We are his offspring.” Paul does not put a fine point on it to clarify his meaning. They know what he means. Luke 3:38 says Adam was the son of God (cf Gen 2:7).

29 Forasmuch then as we are the offspring of God, we ought not to think that the Godhead is like unto gold, or silver, or stone, graven by art and man’s device.

Again Paul strikes at their false gods, which were made of gold, silver, and stone.

30 And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent:

The age in which God closed his eyes to their idolatry was so brief from God’s perspective that it was just a wink, but now that Christ is risen, Paul says that all men everywhere need to repent.

31 Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.
32 And when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked: and others said, We will hear thee again of this matter.

The ancient Greeks, heavily influenced by Plato, saw bodily resurrection as a foolish idea. Nevertheless, whenever the gospel is given out, there are always those who respond.

33 So Paul departed from among them.

Paul drops his mic and walks away. But some of them follow after him:

34 Howbeit certain men clave unto him, and believed: among the which was Dionysius the Areopagite, and a woman named Damaris, and others with them.
Acts 17:15-34

To the west of the summit, Mars’ Hill sloped down toward the marketplace. On this slope was the Areopagus residential area, which belonged to the prestigious district of Melite. Dionysius lived there, which means he was a well-to-do individual. According to tradition, Dionysius was Athens’ first bishop, but I wonder who Damaris was? When I was in Athens last year, I noticed that the women were into health and beauty. Many of them could be described as chic. I like to think of Damaris as a Greek matron with style and grace.


Images of Greek matrons

There is no Epistle to the Athenians. Paul preached in the center of Greek philosophy and learning, but the message was not received as well as it was in Thessalonica and Berea. I think it was because they were too smart for their own good. (Pr 26:12; Luke 10:21; I Cor 1:26)

I believe another reason the gospel was not well received in Athens was because of their idolatry. I have never met anyone so blinded to spiritual truth as those who worship idols. There is something of a revival taking place in the Muslim world, but not among Hindus. My experience with them was similar to Paul’s in Athens. There were some who believed, but most were not open to the gospel.

15 The idols of the heathen are silver and gold, the work of men’s hands.
16 They have mouths, but they speak not; eyes have they, but they see not;
17 They have ears, but they hear not; neither is there any breath in their mouths.
18 They that make them are like unto them: so is every one that trusteth in them.
Psalm 135:15-18

The Bible begins with a commandment not to worship idols (Ex 20:3-5), and ends with people worshiping the image of the beast. (Rev 13:14f) Then, as the canon of Scripture closes, those who worship idols are cast into the lake of fire. (Rev 21:8)

But before we are too quick to pass judgment on the Athenians in our text, let us take a look at ourselves. Concerning idolatry, the Bible says:

     For rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness is as iniquity and idolatry. Because thou hast rejected the word of the Lord, he hath also rejected thee from being king.
1 Samuel 15:23

Have you been resisting God’s will in a certain matter? According to the Bible, that is idolatry, and idolaters will not get into heaven. In I Corinthians 6:9, Paul says as much and gives a long list of other sins that will keep people out of heaven. But then he writes, And such were some of you: but ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God. (I Cor 6:11) In other words, our sins are forgiven. If you have not yet received Christ as your Saviour, do not delay. Repent of your sin, and abide in the word which will cleanse you of your sins. (Ps 119:9)

In closing, I do not think there is any question that AI is the Parthenon of our day. I used AI to generate an image for this post, which is a story in itself. First, it denied that such an idol as I described existed in India. Then, I used a more advanced version that conceded the idol existed, but said there are no images available on the web. So I had it generate one, which was laughable, as it made it look shiny and spiffy. After some more tries and Photoshoping it to make it look realistic, I asked the AI how it was able to generate the image if it could not find a picture to go by. It then denied generating the image. The amount of money and energy consumption being poured into AI is nothing short of obscene, but that is nothing compared to the effect it is having on society. It is all leading to the mark of the beast and the image of the beast in Revelation 13. Jesus is the way out. I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me.